Political parties have holding their elected officials responsible for enacting party positions or carrying out party platforms.

The possible answers are:

a.  several direct measures for

b.  considerable power in

c.  no direct means of

d.  the ability to enact measures for

The correct answer is:

c.  no direct means of

Political parties have no direct means of  holding their elected officials responsible for enacting party positions or carrying out party platforms.

Explanation:

Political parties are organizations or groups of people who normally shared the same political ideas and who get together in order to work for the same purpose. However, they do not have a direct influence or responsibility over its elected participants. According to their organizational principles, they do not have a way to control the political participants elected officials to make certain decisions, there could be some agreements according to the political ideas they share, but does not happen under a figure of power by the party itself.

answer; by working independently, the states have a high likelihood of developing innovative solutions that can be employed in other states;