The tale of professor larry foster and his grade book filled with fs was told by one generation of faculty to the next with a mix of envy, awe and delight. if there was one thing you could be sure of, there was no grade inflation in his department, whose culture was formed primarily by:

critical incident.
reward system.
environment.
rules and procedures.

CRITICAL INCIDENT.

Explanation: Critical incident technique as defined by Flanagan John is the set of procedures for collecting direct observations of human behaviour in such a way as to facilitate their potential usefulness in solving practical problems and developing broad psychological principles.

This technique is used for identification of organizational problems as can be deduced from the question, a grade filled with F's is definitely a problem and the critical incident technique can be used to solve this problem by following the five major areas that the critical incident technique relies on. they are reviewing the incident; fact finding; identification of issues; decision on how to solve issues and ; evaluation.

answer; the trial de novo

answer; direct observation;