State domination is never complete, and people still contest established power relationships and structures through political, economic, and military means. they can and do change cultural norms, values, symbols, and institutions, and the ability to contest these is known as:

They can and do change cultural norms, values, symbols, and institutions, and the ability to contest this is known as agency.

Explanation:

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.