That natural areas have spiritual values is a key element of the ""preservationist ethic"" developed by

John Muir

Explanation:

John Muir believed that forests have spiritual and transcendental qualities. They have properties that makes a person feel things that replenishes the spirit. These properties cannot be measured but only felt and experienced.

According to him forest are more than a source of food, water, wood they are more. This is why he thought that the forest's should be preserved which is the preservationist ethic.

answer; i believe the correct answer is (4) flip a coin as each participant arrives,heads indicates assignment to the first group: tails indicates assignment to the second group;

i do believe   by (keeping an organized record of all sources he or she referenced)good luck.

explanation: