Which of the following did the author of this chapter argue was one of the major transformations necessary for globalization to take off?
a. people began thinking more about cultures very different from their own, and consequently, many began traveling to these places as tourists.
b. people began relating to economic markets differently. specifically, peasants became dependent on earning a wage for their labor.
c. christians in western europe began a global religious mission that involved building congregations on every major continent.
d. a pervasive change occurred in international relations. instead of regarding each other as sources of conflict; a critical mass of states adopted a new approach that prioritized compromise and cooperation.

B. People began relating to economic markets differently. Specifically, peasants became dependent on earning a wage for their labor.      

Explanation:

Globalization is defined as a process by which economy or business starts developing an international influence and people come together and integrate to grow together exchanging business and work.

A economy markets where the laws of demand and supply which influences the production of good or services is being perceived differently by the people. People now began to outsource their supply to other regions where there is demand of the product and imports those products from the foreign land which has a full demand on their native place and make a great profit of it.

Thus the market economy of demand and supply played an important role in the globalization to immersed.

As a result the farmers and laborers are dependent on the earnings of a wage for their labor.

Thus the answer is --

B. People began relating to economic markets differently. Specifically, peasants became dependent on earning a wage for their labor.  

b) to encourage free trade

is there multiple choice or do you need like an essay answer?