Your friend went out to drink last night, even though he knew he should have stayed in and studied for an exam. according to freudian theory, what personality structure is causing the guilt he felt about it afterward?

The super-ego

Explanation:

According to Freudian theory, there are 3 personality structures:

So, your friend went out to drink even though he should've stayed in and studied (he followed his id), now that he's feeling guilt about it, he's thinking about what he did wrong, and it's the super-ego which is concerned with what's right and what's wrong and moral rules.

Thus, the super-ego is causing the guilt.

q1: artillery

q2: simon bolivar

q3:   their workers and farmers demanded a return to spanish rule.

q4: drafted new constitutions

q5: oligarchies have replaced monarchies