The hr manager told stella that the company pays the total health insurance costs for a family of four. as a single woman, this benefit did not seem especially important to her right now. here, stella is low on the element of expectancy theory.

In this context, Stella is low on the Valance element of expectancy theory.

The Expectancy theory is the theory that states that human are motivated to perform if they are sure that his/her extra performance is recognized or rewarded.

The valence element of expectancy theory is one where the individual placed a unique value on the particular outcome.

In the question, Stella will be low on valence element because the benefit of the total health insurance did not seem important to her.

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the answer is valence.

Explanation:

Valence is the advantage or value you place on the reward of an outcome depending on your needs.

the correct answer is d

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