Awoman just found out that she is pregnant. as a first-time mother-to-be and student in microbiology, she is worried about all the different microbes that could potentially harm her unborn child. what is the term used to describe the transmission of microbes from mother to fetus via the placenta or during delivery?

Ahmad is five years old and he has just been caught watching television when he was supposed to be studying according his father’s orders. when his father hears of this incident, he yells at him, spanks him, and restricts him from watching television for one week. ahmad’s father is displaying a(n) parenting style in this scenario.