In many cities, firms that own office buildings can renovate them for use as residential apartments. according to a news story, in many cities "residential rents are surpassing office rents." source: eliot brown, "developers turn former office buildings into high-end apartments," wall street journal, may 7, 2014. the response to an increase in residential rents would be

A decrease in the supply of office space, shifting supply to the left.

Explanation:

A decrease in supply can take place as shift to the left or upwards in a supply curve. In this case, a left shift indicates that, in the time that the supply of office space decreases, firms that own office buildings produce and sell a smaller amount at every price. The upward shift shows that supply usually decreases when the production costs increase, so producers must set a higher price than in the past to supply an established quantity of output.

well, paralell is parallel. i am providing links to .

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a series circuit is one with all the loads in a row. there is only one path for the electricity to flow. if this circuit was a string of light bulbs, and one blew out, the remaining bulbs would turn off.

unlike in series circuits, a charge in a parallel circuit encounters a single voltage drop during its path through the external circuit. the current through a given branch can be predicted using the ohm's law equation and the voltage drop across the resistor and the resistance of the resistor.

a parallel circuit has certain characteristics and basic rules: a parallel circuit has two or more paths for current to flow through. voltage is the same across each component of the parallel circuit.