In the 1950s, illinois enacted legislation requiring trucks to have curved mud flaps. there was no federal law about mud flaps at the time, but the illinois statute was enacted because state legislators asserted that the curved mud flaps were more effective in preventing accidents than the straight mud flaps. several trucking companies brought suit, because the illinois statute conflicted with the laws of other states that required straight mud flaps. was the illinois statute constitutional? a. no because it violated the commerce clause. b. yes because it did not discriminate against out of state truckers. c. no, the supremacy clause does not allow conflicting state legislation. d. yes, there was no federal statute so the state statute did not violate the supremacy clause.

A. in weeks v. united states (1914), the court established the exclusionary rule, which was incorporated to the states in mapp v. ohio (1961), and the court established the concept of a "good faith exception" to the exclusionary rule in united states v. leon (1984). in their opinion, the supreme court pointed out that compliance with the exclusionary rule can have a cost to society (criminals can go free) that outweighs the benefits (stopping illegal searches by police). ultimately, the court determined that despite the exclusionary rule, evidence can still be admitted in situations where police made genuine "good faith" efforts to act legally, but technically acted illegally, in obtaining the evidence. explain the exclusionary rule good faith exception and explain and support whether you agree or disagree with the concept of a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule? why or why not? use the lesson notes and/or one news source to support your answer.

A. spinoza thinks that we human beings are due for what was described in class as an “ontological demotion.” explain this ontological demotion, comparing his view of what we are to a more traditional aristotelian view. (you should concentrate on spinoza’s views on the human body, but be sure to say something about what he thinks the human mind is.) why does he think the demotion is needed? is he right? explain why the demotion matters to the overall project of the ethics.

Endogamy is marriage within one’s own social category. select the best answer from the choices provided true or false