Which statement best describes the author’s purpose for including these paragraphs in the essay? a. the author wants people to accept geronimo for what he believed in and not for controversial reasons. b. the author wants to depict the ill-effects of using a famous name for controversial missions. c. the author wants to convey how bitterly people have viewed geronimo’s name over the years. d. the author wants to inform people about how geronimo’s name has been used for different purposes.

The defendant, angered because a rival gang member had twice beaten him up after school, obtained a heavy lead pipe and waited in a deserted alleyway which he knew the rival took as a route home every day after school. when his enemy came walking down the alley, the defendant leapt out behind him and smashed the pipe into the victim's head, knocking him to the ground. the defendant then rolled the victim over and pounded his face with 15 to 20 heavy blows with the lead pipe, killing him. the jurisdiction defines first degree murder as murder committed with premeditation and deliberation. all other murders are defined as second degree murders. why will the defendant be convicted of first degree murder (as opposed to second degree murder)?