Sally begins to think about the grades she receives for class participation. recalling her prior semester she writes down that she received a 10/10 from ms. smith and a 9/10 from ms. baxter, 4/10 from mr. cagney, 3/10 from mr. wiley and 10/10 from ms. dona. examining the list she realizes that she spoke a lot in classes with smith, baxter and dona and very little in her other two classes. she also notices that the classes in which she spoke have female instructors and that she rarely spoke in the two classes with male instructors. she then begins to list all her college courses, the gender of the professor and whether or not she spoke in class. she notices that she tends to speak in classes where the instructor is female and rarely speaks when the instructor is male and that her class participation grades are higher when she speaks more. sally is using