The scatterplot on the right was created as part of a study evaluating the relationship between estimated life expectancy at birth (as of 2014) and percentage of internet users (as of 2009) in 208 countries for which such data were available. (a) describe the relationship between life expectancy and percentage of internet users. (b) what type of study is this? (c) state a possible confounding variable that might explain this relationship and describe its potential effect.

6–7. white-collar crime. matthew simpson and others created and operated a series of corporate entities to defraud telecommunications companies, creditors, credit reporting agencies, and others. through these entities, simpson and the others used routing codes and spoofing services to make long-distance calls appear to be local. they stole other firms’ network capacity and diverted payments to themselves. they leased goods and services without paying for them. to hide their association with their corporate entities and with each other, they used false identities, addresses, and credit histories, and issued false bills, invoices, financial statements, and credit references,. did these acts constitute mail and wire fraud? discuss. [united states v. simpson, 741 f.3d 539 (5th cir. 2014)] (see types of crimes.)