Recall that the introduction to chapter 11 (prosocial behavior) began with a description of several of the citizen-heroes of september 11, 2001-for example william wik, who refused to flee to personal safety because there were still people to be rescued. he died when a tower collapsed. wik was willing to sacrifice his own life to save others, and his behavior could thus best be described as
a) altruistic.
b) prosocial.
c) evolutionarily adaptive.
d) an example of kin selection.

Paula maintained her normal weight during her freshman year in college. during her sophomore year, she moved into an apartment with two friends who are overweight. the three regularly enjoy high-calorie meals together, and paula has gained more than twenty pounds. she wants to lose weight, but it seems as if, whenever she plans to prepare a healthful, low-calorie meal, her roommates come home with a box of pizza or take-out burgers and fries. what type of influence are her friends having on her behavior? social undermining moral support emotional encouragement informal persuasion social undermining