You're doing a paper on pennsylvania history and your grandmother told you some great stories about how the town was different 60 years ago. do you need to cite this information?

No

Explanation:

You do not need to cite general knowledge information or a piece of information coming from a private person known to you.

You only need to cite if you use information from a particular source, for example from a text, a book or a written account. There, the name of the author of the piece of information will appear and you must cite it to avoid plagiarism or copying somebody else's words or work.

Your grandmother's stories are considered to be common knowledge, therefore there is no need to cite them.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.

can you explain it better