The "spoils system" allocated political appointments on the basis of
merit
background
party loyalty
specialized education

The "spoils system" allocated political appointments on the basis of party loyalty.

Explanation:

The spoil system is also known as the patronage system. This is the system in which the political party after winning the election gives the important positions to the people who have extended their support to the party. The party provides a reward to the supporters in return for their efforts and supports. This system stands in opposition to the merit system.

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