Guilds were professional organizations that

controlled how their industry operated

A guild is an organization of artisans or traders who supervise the practice trade in a selective area. The most primitive kinds of guild established as confraternities of retailers, commonly working in a particular city and comprising an individual trade.

Guilds were communities of people from the corresponding industry of the artisans and tradesmen who commanded their field, that is established what and how the assistance could be. They examined the tools and the method of composition and assistance.

    racial conflict and discrimination has existed ever since man learned to kill with rocks and bones. these conflicts arose from disputes between territory, power, wealth, religion, or simple difference. some of the most infamous racial disputes include slavery, the holocaust, and the civil rights movement.

    these listed disputes often resulted in casualties from all sides. riots, wars, imprisonment, and lynching are all commonly associated with racial conflict on severe levels.

      however, racism is an improving issue in recent decades. people are being more accepting and welcoming of diverse populations. though, the world isn't perfect and it will take much more time, if ever, until the world is rid of racism.

answer: musical connotation

leonard b. meyer (1918-2007) was an american composer, author and philosopher. his work emotion and meaning in music is perhaps the first major treatise on music. it is a philosophical and psychological work, greatly influenced by koffka (one of the major proponents of gestalt psychology). his work deals with the problem of musical meaning and musical communication.