Bob goes to the beach on a hot summer day and is surprised when he observes a group of people dressed in formal wear sitting in beach chairs among the sunbathers. bob was surprised because the did not meet his expectation for that situation.

There should be options for this question. I managed to find them elsewhere they are:

Reference groups

Social Scripts

frames  

norms

The correct answer would be that Bob was surprised because the social scripts did not meet his expectation for that situation. A social script is a series of behaviors, actions, and consequences that are expected in a particular situation or environment. So in this instance when you go to the beach you expect people to be wearing beach/swim wear and not formal attire so Bob was surprised by this unusual behavior.

probably 3 since archeologists and historians don’t understand there writing.