An atmospheric phenomenon whereby vehicle exhaust and factory smoke combining the fog is called what

This cartoon appeared in 1916. the topic of the cartoon isa)the reason for the start of world war i.b)the success of us submarines in world war i.c)the military alliance between germany and mexico.d)the attitude in the us towards submarine warfare in world 

How does sociology account for the cause of drug and alcohol addiction?

Before they can be published, scientific papers must be peer-reviewed. this means that: a) some other scientific experts read the papers and guarantee that they are true.b) some other scientific experts read the papers and provide quality control by eliminating many mistakes.c) an editor reads the papers, to make sure that all the semicolons are in the correct places.d) everyone in the world is given the opportunity to comment on the papers through a specially maintainedblog.e) government bureaucrats read the papers, to be sure that the papers do not insult the political positions ofthe current officeholders.