The rapid and outward expansion of cities is known as and immediately necessitates the expansion of a. elasticity . . government b. city expansion . . airports c. urban sprawl . . public services d. urban explosion . . buildings answer is c - urban sprawl public services

Answer is already given C - urban sprawl and  public services

Explanation:

An Urban sprawl mainly refers to the uncontrolled growth in any urban area of housing, commercial development, and roads over a larger tract of land, with no concern for urban planning. The term is used to represent urban growth around cities. In addition, urban sprawl is highly politicized and ha several negative connotations and an attack on the aesthetic ground. As the urban sprawl leads to an increase in vehicular use this badly affects the environment as vehicular exhaust produces significant medial health hazards. Encouraging crimes and antisocial behavior leading to higher densities and increase social pathology all of which create an outward movement of the population towards suburbs and hence the increase in public services.