What is the difference between a shortage and a scarcity?
a. a shortage can be temporary or long-term, but scarcity always exists.
b. a shortage results from rising prices; scarcity results from falling prices.
c. a shortage is a lack of all goods and services; scarcity concerns a single item.
d. there is no real difference between a shortage and a scarcity.

Before they can be published, scientific papers must be peer-reviewed. this means that: a) some other scientific experts read the papers and guarantee that they are true.b) some other scientific experts read the papers and provide quality control by eliminating many mistakes.c) an editor reads the papers, to make sure that all the semicolons are in the correct places.d) everyone in the world is given the opportunity to comment on the papers through a specially maintainedblog.e) government bureaucrats read the papers, to be sure that the papers do not insult the political positions ofthe current officeholders.