"she hated her grandmother and had hidden it from herself all these years under a cloak of pity. she had been getting ready for her great journey to the horizons in search of people; it was important to all the world that she should find them and they find her."

Which factor contributed to the rise of african empires such as ghana and mali ? a. their creation and involvement in trade networks b. they focused only on agricultural production. c. they didn’t engage in warfare with other nations d. their geographic location protected them from attacks.