New york city public schools have been found to have highly disparate funding allocations, giving more money per student to schools in neighborhoods with mainly white students. this is best characterized as an example of

This is best characterized as an example of "institutional racism that perpetuates historic modes of discrimination ".

The expression "institutional racism" portrays societal examples that force abusive or generally negative conditions on identifiable gatherings based on race or ethnicity. Oppression may originate from the administration, schools or the court.

Institutional racism is a foremost factor in the prohibition and mistreatment of racialized gatherings. Social work researchers have analyzed the hierarchical markers, states of mind, and activities of staff that add to institutional bigotry keeping in mind the end goal to explain its capacity.

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i truly dont know the answer wait i do its 1,3,4