The potential number of children women are biologically able to bear is known as

It is called "fecundity".

Fecundity is the potential for multiplication of a creature or populace, estimated by the quantity of gametes (eggs), seed set etc. Fecundity is like fertility, the regular ability to create posterity but not same. An absence of the ability of being fertile is called infertility while an absence of fecundity would be called sterility.

Fecundity.

Explanation:

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