At a recent college football game, the fans in the stands did the stadium wave. that is, successive groups of spectators briefly stood and raised their arms, then immediately returned to the usual seated position. this social interaction, in which a group of people engaged in a behavior that is not in their normal routine, is an example of:

- "ethical issues. deception – the participants actually believed they were shocking a real person and were unaware the learner was a confederate of milgram's. however, milgram argued that “illusion is used when necessary in order to set the stage for the revelation of certain difficult-to-get-at-truths.” "

- "milgram's work was conducted in the early 1960s before the current.the studies ignited a debate about the ethical treatment of participants. what appear to be dangerous, if not deadly, electric shocks and the by today's ethical standards, many questions about the research have gone unanswered."