All of the following are stages of development except
a. primitive equilibrium
b. socialism
c. takeoff
d. transition

Socialism is not a stage of development. This is a system that beleived in eleminating capitalism, bringing down the gap between the rich and the power by sharing of wealth and power. Socialism or socialist system did not beleive in stocking of products and raising prises of the products in this manner. they beleived in equality and hence no stocking was allowed. The socialist system originated during the mid or late 1700s. This system rose due to the numerous problems of capitalism and its negative effects n the life of the lower class.

The answer is eastern europe