Attrition is only an issue in the successive independent samples design and longitudinal designs. a. true b. false

well, there are a lot of places we get information about earth from. like science classes, websites, books, newspapers, etc.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.