Jackie has trained her dog to shake hands. jackie faces the dog and sticks out her right hand, and the dog raises its right paw. jackie always smiles, says nice things, and strokes the dog lovingly when it does the trick. like many pet owners, jackie has taught her dog a new trick by using

The fact that Jackie has trained her dog to shake hands so that when she faces the dog and sticks out her right hand, and the dog raises its right paw and the fact that Jackie always smiles, says nice things, and strokes the dog lovingly when it does the trick means that like many pet owners, Jackie has taught her dog a new trick by using associative learning. In animal behaviour it is the learning process through which animals learn something based on a new stimulus.

I’d say e civil liberties