The lewis dot diagram for an unidentified element is shown below. which element could x represent?

The authors use the word “backbone” in lines 3 and 39 to indicate that

Snakes, dogs, and humans have a vertebral column. snakes and dogs have tails, and humans have vestigial tailbones. dogs and humans have limbs, but snakes do not. most reptiles lay eggs, but a few give birth to live young. what do these structures suggest about the evolutionary pattern between the three organisms? 1. snakes and dogs are more closely related than snakes and humans. 2. snakes and humans are more closely related than humans and dogs. 3. dogs and humans are more closely related than snakes and humans. 4. dogs, snakes, and humans share a common ancestor. 5. the early ancestor of snakes and dogs is the same, and the early ancestor of humans is different.

In 1999, the u.s. announced trade sanctions worth $116.8 million, targeting goods from france, germany, italy and denmark. the sanctions were in retaliation for a ban on u.s. hormone-treated beef by which organization?