List the two approaches used to insert electrodes for devices that electrically shock the heart into regular rhythm

Epicardial and endocardial approach.

Explanation:

The two approaches used to insert electrodes for devices that electrically shock the heart into regular rhythm are epicardial and endocardial approach.

The difference between the two is that epicardial is a surgical approach, while endocardial is a transvenous approach. But both are invasive methods.

The epicardial approach is a way wherein the surgeon placed a defibrillator outside the heart, which implies open-heart surgery. The process involved sewing the wire/lead to the heart tissue. On the other hand, the endocardial approach involves inserting the electrode into a vein.

Please refer to the image attached for a visual representation of both approaches.

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