The authors use the word “backbone” in lines 3 and 39 to indicate that

Anna’s mother prepares sauerkraut, a fermented dish made from finely cut cabbage and salt. lactobacillus bacteria present on the surface of the cabbage combine with salt to turn the cabbage into a crunchy, sour dish. what chemical process occurs to create this dish? a. alcoholic fermentation b. cellular respiration c. conservation d. lactic acid fermentation e. photosynthesis

Panthers and leopards prey on deer in an ecosystem. for unknown reasons, the population of leopards increased drastically. what are the likely effects of this change on the species? 1. more food for panthers and more competition for leopards 2. less food and more competition for panthers 3. fewer deer and more competition for panthers 4. more food for deer and less competition for panthers and leopards 5. more food for leopards and less competition for panthers

If the null hypothesis is false and the researchers do not reject it a type 2 error has been made. true or false