What is a device commonly used to detect the presence of a static electric charge compass voltmeter electrophoresis or galvanometer

None of those choices is a device commonly used to detect
the presence of a static electric charge.  One of them is a
process or technique, and is not even a 'device'.
A couple of them might be jerry-rigged to detect charge, but
that is not their intended purpose or design, and it would take
some ingenuity.  They're certainly not "commonly used" in that
application.

-- Compass . . . a device that detects the presence of a magnetic
                         field and displays its direction.

-- Voltmeter . . . a device that displays the presence and measures
                         the magnitude and direction of electric potential
                         difference between two points.

-- Electrophoresis . . . a method of separating macro molecules
                                   according to their size.

-- Galvanometer . . . a device used to detect the presence and
                                 measure the magnitude and direction of
                                 small electric currents.