In an experiment, a researcher can make claims about causation

Which sentences describe point source pollution? in this type of pollution, the source of the pollution is single and easily identifiable. when runoff water from the melting of snow mixes with debris, it creates pollution. the runoff water, mixed with pollutants, reaches large areas with disastrous effects. alternatively, when a wastewater treatment plant releases harmful chemicals into a stream, the chemicals pollute the stream water because they are not treated for safety.

Atrain is traveling at 30.0 m/s relative to the ground in still air. the frequency of the note emitted by the train whistle is 262 hz. the speed of sound in air should be taken as 344 m/s. what frequency (f approach) is heard by a passenger on a train moving at a speed of 18.0 m/s relative to the ground in a direction opposite to the first train and approaching it? what frequency (f recede) is heard by a passenger on a train moving at a speed of 18.0 m/s relative to the ground in a direction opposite to the first train and receding from it?

Ineed to answer this problem but i lack in knowledge, what should i study to answer this problem? i have never used derivatives in a physics problem so i'm not sure what's happening and i can't find videos explaining.