A4-lb ball b is traveling around in a circle of radius r1 = 3 ft with a speed (vb)1 = 6 ft> s. if the attached cord is pulled down through the hole with a constant speed vr = 2 ft> s, determine the ball's speed at the instant r2 = 2 ft. how much work has to be done to pull down the cord? neglect friction and the size of the ball

Position #1:
radius, r₁ = 3 ft
Tangential speed, v₁ = 6 ft/s

By definition, the angular speed is
ω₁ = v₁/r₁ = (3 ft/s) / (3 ft) = 1 rad/s

Position #2:
Radius, r₂ = 2 ft

By definition, the moment of inertia in positions 1 and 2 are respectively
I₁ = (4 lb)*(3 ft)² = 36 lb-ft²
I₂ = (4 lb)*(2 ft)² = 16 lb-ft²

Because momentum is conserved,
I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂
Therefore the angular velocity in position 2 is
ω₂ = (I₁/I₂)ω₁
      = (36/16)*1 = 2.25 rad/s
The tangential velocity in position 2 is
v₂ = r₂ω₂ = (2 ft)*(225 rad/s) = 4.5 ft/s

At each position, there is an outward centripetal force.
In position 1, the centripetal force is
F₁ = m*(v²/r₂) = (4)*(6²/3) = 48 lbf
In position 2, the centripetal force is
F₂ = (4)*(4.5²/2) = 40.5 lbf

The radius diminishes at a rate of 2 ft/s.
Therefore the force versus distance curve is as shown below.

The work done is the area under the curve, and it is
W = (1/2)*(48.0+40.5 ft)*(3-2 ft) = 44.25 ft-lb

  44.25 ft-lb

The charge of an ion with 55 protons and 52 electrons is +3. the reason is because protons are positive, and there are three more than the amount of negative electrons.