A small piece of aluminum (atomic number 13) contains 10^15 atoms (The atomic number is the number of protons; it determines the (positive) electric charge of the nucleus and, thus, the number of electrons in a neutral atom.) If the piece of aluminum has a net positive charge of 3.0 uc what fraction of the electrons that the aluminum had when it was neutral would have had to be lost?

it is a negative acceleration

when jerome paddle in flowing river towards east the net speed of jerome will increase

so the net speed of jerome will be given as

now the speed of paul will be same as it is given as he is running on the ground

so

so here we can say since the speed of jerome is more so he will win the race

now as we know the distance so the time difference is given as

so jerome will reach first and the time difference will be 203.55 s or 3.4 min

the moving of the box is a result of centripetal force. think of that  as a car or a truck in this case creates a turn, the force of friction performing upon the turned wheels of the car runs centripetal force obligatory for circular motion for the things inside it.