When the gun fires a projectile with a mass of 0.040 kg and a speed of 380 m/s, what is the recoil velocity of the shotgun and arm–shoulder combination?

Complete question:

The recoil of a shotgun can be significant. Suppose a 3.6-kg shotgun is held tightly by an arm and shoulder with a combined mass of 15.0 kg. When the gun fires a projectile with a mass of 0.040 kg and a speed of 380 m/s, what is the recoil velocity of the shotgun and arm–shoulder combination?

The recoil velocity of the shotgun and arm–shoulder combination is 1.013 m/s

Explanation:

Given;

combined mass of the shotgun and arm–shoulder, m₁ = 15 kg

mass of the projectile, m₂ = 0.04 kg

speed of the projectile, u₂ = 380 m/s

let the recoil velocity of the shotgun and arm–shoulder combination = u₁

Apply the principle of conservation of linear momentum;

m₁u₁  +  m₂u₂ = 0

m₁u₁ = - m₂u₂

Therefore, the recoil velocity of the shotgun and arm–shoulder combination is 1.013 m/s

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.