Oilbirds are nocturnal birds. As they fly, they produce a high-pitched clicking sound to locate obstacles using a pulse-echo technique.
(a) Describe how the oilbirds use the pulse-echo technique to locate obstacles. Answered.
(b) The frequency of sound in an oilbird's click is 2.0 kHz and a click is 2.0 ms in duration.
Determine whether these clicks can be used to locate obstacles at a distance of 50 cm.
speed of sound = 330 m s-1
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d₁ = displacement of tern from arctic to antarctic = 11000 miles

d₂ = displacement of tern from antarctic to arctic =   - 11000 miles

d = total displacement for the journey

total displacement for the journey is given as

d = d₁ + d₂

d = 11000 + (-11000)

d = 0 miles

t₁ = time of travel from arctic to antarctic = 3 months = 3 x 30 days = 90 days

t₂ = time of travel from antarctic to arctic = 3 months = 3 x 30 days = 90 days

t = total time of travel

total time of travel is given as

t = t₁ + t₂

t = 90 + 90

t = 180 days

average velocity is given as

average velocity = total displacement/ total time

v = d/t

v = 0/180

v = 0 miles/day