The CSDA range for protons in aluminum (in units of mass thickness g/cm2) are 2.953×10−4, 4.020×10−3, and 0.1692 for protons with energies of 0.1 MeV, 1 Mev, and 10 MeV, respectively [Janni 1982]. Use the empirical Eq. (7.47) to estimate these ranges and compute the percent difference. 21. Shultis, J. Kenneth; Faw, Richard E.. Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering (p. 220). CRC Press. Kindle Edition.

graph slopes whilst gas cools, then it is flat whilst conensation to liquid happens, the coolong liquid then graphs as a slope when it solidifies graph is flat

latent heat

initial speed when it is dropped is 150 ft/s

now at the same moment the acceleration due to gravity is perpendicular to its velocity

so as we know that

now we have centripetal acceleration a = 32 ft/s^2 as its perpendicular to velocity

while tangential acceleration at the same moment will be zero

so

now radius of curvature is given as

so the radius of curvature just after it is dropped is 703.125 ft