What are the methods of plotting the magnetic field?

The method explained below shows the plotting of magnetic field lines with the help of a small compass needle:

Procedure:

1. With the help of some board pins, fix a sheet of paper on a drawing board.

2. At point 1 as seen in the below figure, place a small compass needle. From the top of the needle, mark two pencil dots at exactly two ends of the needle.

3. Move the needle to the compass to point 2 so that one end of the needle coincides with the second pencil dot.

4. The process of moving the compass needle to points 3, 4, 5… is continued in order to get a few dots.

5. When various dots are joined, a straight line is obtained.

6. Hence, one line of magnetic field of earth is traced.

Starting from a different point, the process is repeated and another line of magnetic field is traced out. This way a few several lines of magnetic field can be traced out. Every line is required to be labelled with the help of an arrow from the south pole of the needle towards the north pole to represent the direction of the magnetic field. The figure below depicts several magnetic lines that are obtained this way.

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Explanation:

Magnetic fields can be mapped out using small plotting compasses : place the plotting compass near the magnet on a piece of paper. mark the direction the compass needle points. move the plotting compass to many different positions in the magnetic field, marking the needle direction each time.

if they have a finite resultant

small = small current large mag large current