The diagram shows a boy observing a fish located at position b below the surface of the water. the boy sees the fish at position a.

the apparent position of the fish is different from the actual position of the fish. what has happened to the light passing through the water to cause this difference?

a)
compression

b)
reflection

c)
absorption

d)
refraction

Refrigerant-134a flows through a carnot heat pump cycle at 0.5 kg/s. it is known that the maximum absolute temperature in the cycle is 1.1 times the minimum absolute temperature, and the net power input to the cycle is 2.5 kw. if the refrigerant changes from a saturated vapor to a saturated liquid during the heat rejection process, determine the maximum magnitude of the enthalpy of vaporization for this process in kj/kg (with 3 significant figures).