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identify each statement as either true or false.
1. if it is high tide in one place on earth,
the place exactly opposite to it will have
a low tide. t/f
2. earth’s gravity can act as a slingshot to
boost the velocity of nearby spacecraft. t/f
3. the sun, along with the entire solar
system, moves around the galaxy. t/f
4. without gravity, there would be no
atmosphere surrounding earth. t/f
5. the mass of an object on jupiter is
greater than its mass on earth. t/f
6. to find the mass of an object, multiply
the weight of the object and gravity. t/f

The tides are produced by a gravitational imbalance that decompensates the oceans throughout the Earth. They are ups and downs of sea level that occur several times a day and change with the lunar phases, but not because of the shape that the Moon looks like.

However, it should be noted that the Sun also exerts a gravitational force in the oceans, but to a lesser extent, because it is further away than the Moon.

The Moon attracts the water that is closest to it; thus, the part of the ocean that is facing the Moon bulges towards it, and on the opposite side too, the water bulges in the opposite direction.

This is due to inertia, because the Moon attracts the whole Earth, in addition to water. What happens is that the Earth is rigid and does not bulge. Inertia resists gravity and pulls in the opposite direction. That is why the ocean on the other side of the Earth also bulges, although less.

The gravity field of the Earth can be used to accelerate a spacecraft. This is true when in a specific point the direction of the movement of the spacecraft is the same direction of the movement of the planet.

In this case the craft will be “catched” by the Earth’s gravitational field and its energy, accelerating the spacecraft. This is known as gravitational assistance.

The Solar System is in one of the arms of the Milky Way (which is a spiral-shaped galaxy whose center has its own gravity), near Orion's arm.  

The Sun along with the entire solar system, revolves around the center of the Milky Way in an almost circular orbit and travels at about 828,000 km/h .

If the force of gravity were to disappear on Earth, everything that is not subjected to it would immediately fly into outer space in a straight line, including the water of the oceans and the terrestrial atmosphere.

If this happened, it would be fatal for life on Earth, given the great importance of the atmosphere that acts as a protective shield against meteorites, which disintegrate into dust due to the friction they suffer when making contact with air; in addition this shield absorbs much of the ultraviolet solar radiation in the ozone layer.

The mass is the measure of how much matter there is in an object, this  will remain the same regardless of whether it is on Earth or Jupiter. What does change is its weight  (as seen on equation 1), which is the product of the mass and the gravity .

    (1)

This is because the gravity is not the same on Jupiter as it is on Earth.

As explained in the prior answer, the weight is the product of the mass and the gravity :

    (1)

If we want to find the mass, we have to find   in equation (1):

    (2)

As you can see, the mass is the result of dividing the weight by the gravity.

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