Determine the magnitude of the effective value of g⃗ at a latitude of 60 ∘ on the earth. assume the earth is a rotating sphere.

In addition to acceleration of gravity we experience centrifugal acceleration away from the axis of rotation of the earth. this additional acceleration has value ac = r w^2 where w = angular velocity and r is distance from your spot on earth to the earth's axis of rotation so r = R cos(l) where l = 60 deg is the lattitude and R the earth's radius and w = 1 / (24hr x 3600sec/hr) 
now you look up R and calculate ac then you combine the centrifugal acc. vector ac with the gravitational acceleration vector ag = G Me/R^2 to get effective ag' = ag -

Because the dept in the ocean