Which best explains what will happen if sharilyn unscrews a bolt with a short handled wrench?

the bolt will be easier to unscrew because it is closer to the fulcrum and the mechanical advantage will be reduced.
the bolt will be harder to unscrew because it is farther from the fulcrum and the mechanical advantage will be greater.
the bolt will be easier to unscrew because it is farther from the fulcrum and the mechanical advantage will be greater.
the bolt will be harder to unscrew because it is closer to the fulcrum and the mechanical advantage will be reduced.

Amerry-go-round of radius r, shown in the figure, is rotating at constant angular speed. the friction in its bearings is so small that it can be ignored. a sandbag of mass m is dropped onto the merry-go-round, at a position designated by r. the sandbag does not slip or roll upon contact with the merry-go-round. how would you rank the following different combinations of m and r on the basis of the angular speed of the merry-go-round after the sandbag "sticks" to the merry-go-round from largest to smallest. a) m = 10kg, r = 0.25r b) m = 20kg, r = 0.25r c) m = 10kg, r = 0.50r d) m = 10kg, r = 1.0r e) m = 15kg, r = 0.75r f) m = 40kg, r = 0.25r