1. How does the disturbance travel through the coil
when
your arm back and forth?

100 pounds is 100 pounds no matter the object or item being weighed

Ohm's law tells you that i = v/r where v is equivalent voltage and r is equivalent resistance of the circuit
since all circuits have the same voltage, your question is really asking which circuit has the lowest total resistance, since the lower the resistance, the higher the current
circuit a has a resistance of 5 ohms; circuit c is in series so has a resistance of 10 ohms; circuit b is in parallel and therefore has a resistance of 2.5 ohms (review your notes on adding resistances in parallel and series); therefore b has the highest current

the speed of the cart after 3 seconds of low fan speed is ⇒ 54.0 cm/s.

the speed of the cart after 5 seconds of medium fan speed is ⇒ 120.0 cm/s.

the speed of the cart after 2 seconds of high fan speed is ⇒ 64.0 cm/s. 

just did the lab.