Resources: https://www. sciencefriday. com/educational-resources/360-degre e-expedition/#take2 Stop 4

1.Look down on the columns and talus piles in Tag 1 (these also appeared at Stop #1). What does the orientation of the columns suggest about how the lava that formed these rocks cooled? (Consult your Geological Evidence Guide.)

Did the cooling occur slowly and uniformly from the bottom and top, or was the cooling relatively quick? What evidence supports your idea?

2.Take a closer look at this rock, ignoring the black lichen spots. This rock is different from the rocks underneath it.
a. Based on the rock’s color and crystal structure, what kind of rock is this?
b. How did this rock likely form? Use your Rock Identification Guide to help you.
c. How could such a large rock (1.5m x 0.70m x 0.65m) end up on top of this cliff?
d. Take a close look at the tree root under the rock. Which came first, the rock or the root? What evidence supports your conclusion?

3.Highway 108
4.The rock here is granite. It has been rounded and smoothed by a natural process.
5.This is the western extent of the rocks that make the Columns of the Giants.
6.Here’s a backpack for scale. It’s about 80 cm tall.