A iron block with a mass of 4.8 kg initially slides over a rough horizontal surface with a speed of 1.2 m/s. Friction slows the block to rest. While slowing to rest, 85.0% of the kinetic energy of the block is absorbed by the block itself as internal energy. What is the temperature increase of the block

Explanation:

Kinetic energy of block will be converted into heat energy by friction .

Heat energy produced = 1/2 m v²

= .5 x 4.8 x 1.2²

= 3.456 J

85% of energy is converted into heat energy , so heat energy produced

= .85 x 3.456 = 2.9376 J .

If Q heat is given to m mass of object having s as specific heat and Δt is increase in temperature

Q = msΔt

specific heat of iron s = 462 J / kg C

Putting the values ,

2.9376 = 4.8 x 462 x Δt

Δt = 13.24 x 10⁻⁴ ⁰C.

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explanation:

physics means: "the branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy. the subject matter of physics, distinguished from that of chemistry and biology, includes mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity, magnetism, and the structure of atoms."