The valence of an element or radical is
a. not related to the number of positive or negative charges on the ion.
b. greater than the number of positive or negative charges on the ion.
c. equal to the number of positive or negative charges on the ion.
d. less than the number of positive or negative charges on the ion.

In this experiment, you will use a track, a toy car, and some washers to explore newton’s first two laws of motion. you will make observations and collect data regarding the motion of these objects. in the space below, write a general scientific question that you will answer by doing this experiment.

Could someone me find the answer to this problem.

During the experiment if you could triple the breakaway magnetic force with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new value for the critical velocity if it was v0 (initial velocity), initially? (b) now if you halved the radius with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new critical velocity if it was v0 (initial velocity), initially? (c) if during the experiment, critical velocity quadrupled with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new breakaway force if its magnitude was initially f0,?