In a certain process, the energy of the system decreases by 250 kJkJ. The process involves 480 kJkJ of work done on the system. Find the amount of heat QQQ transferred in this process

-730KJ

Explanation:

According to the first law of thermodynamics;

Let the total energy of the system be ∆E

Let heat be q and let work the w

Since the energy decreases ∆E is negative

Since work is done on the system w= positive

So;

- 250 = 480 + q

q = -250 - 480

q=-730KJ

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.