To initiate a nuclear reaction, an experimental nuclear physicist wants to shoot a proton into a 5.50-fm-diameter 12C nucleus. The proton must impact the nucleus with a kinetic energy of 2.30 MeV. Assume the nucleus remains at rest. With what speed must the proton be fired toward the target?

The value is  

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

   The diameter of the nucleus is

   The charge of the proton that makes up the nucleus is  

    The energy to be impacted is  

Generally the radius of the nucleus is mathematically represented as

=>      

=>      

Generally from the law energy conservation we have that

i.e

Here

Here is the initial kinetic energy which is mathematically represented as

Here   is the initial potential energy of the proton and the value is  0 J given that the proton is moving

Also   is mathematically represented as

Here  

         is the final potential energy which is mathematically represented as

Here is the charge on the proton with a value of

So

=>    

So  

=>      

Here m is the mass of the moving proton with value

So

=>      

=>      

gas and liquid