The Doppler effect is the change in sound caused by the motion of the sound source, motion of the listener, or both. pitch
frequency
amplitude
speed

the focus of lesson 1 is newton's first law of motion - sometimes referred to as the law of inertia. newton's first law of motion is often stated as. an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

explanation:

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach